Repetitive Head Trauma and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Athletes

A Comprehensive Guide to the Literature for Personal Injury Lawyers

Publisher: Medifocus Legal
Publication Date: August 12, 2016
Number of Pages: 127
In recent years, there has been increased awareness of the neurological sequelae of sports-related traumatic brain injuries, particularly repeated concussion.It has been estimated that 1.6 to 3.8 million sports-related concussions occur annually in the United States. Although most sports-related head injuries are minor and most athletes who suffer a concussion usually recover within a few days or weeks, a small number of individuals develop long-lasting or progressive symptoms. This is especially true in cases of repetitive concussions or mild traumatic brain injury in which at least 17% of individuals develop a progressive degenerative condition of the brain called chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

As early as the 1920s, it was recognized that boxers who sustained repetitive head trauma developed progressive neurological deterioration, originally termed dementia pugilistica, and, more recently, chronic traumatic encephalopathy or CTE. Since then, CTE has been documented in a variety of contact sports in which repetitive head injury occurs including football, wrestling, ice hockey, lacrosse, and skiing. Some of the more common symptoms of CTE include memory loss, impulsive or erratic behavior, impaired judgment, aggression, depression, difficulty with balance, and gradual onset of dementia. Since many of the symptoms of CTE overlap with other conditions such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, the clinical diagnosis of CTE remains challenging. Currently, CTE can only be definitively diagnosed by direct examination of brain tissue, including full autopsy and immunohistochemical analysis.

Repetitive Head Trauma and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Athletes is a comprehensive reference guide to the medical literature for personal injury attorneys involved in litigating sports-related head injury cases. This unique Guide consists of over 125 hand-selected references published in peer-reviewed journals with links to the article abstracts and FREE online access to full-text copies of 47 journal articles. The Guide captures both the historical as well as current body of medical and scientific evidence that has been documented in the medical literature over the past 15 years.

Repetitive Head Trauma and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Athletes is a one-of-a-kind literature reference Guide that includes:

• A comprehensive bibliography of 128 journal article references indexed in MEDLINE published in well respected medical and scientific journals.
• Online access to the abstracts (summaries) of the articles.
• Online access to the free full-text version of 47 articles.
• Links to full-text sources of other articles that are available for purchase directly from individual journal publishers.
• A unique "Author Directory" consisting of the names and institutional affiliations of experts who have published and have specialized knowledge about Repetitive Head Trauma and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Athletes. The "Author Directory" is a valuable resource for quickly identifying and locating experts for case reviews, opinions, and testimony.

Select examples of topics that are covered by the articles referenced in this Guidebook include:

• The neurobiology and neuropathology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
• Neuroimaging findings in chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
• Clincal features of repetitive traumatic brain injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
• A systematic review of all reported pathological cases of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in contact sports.
• The long-term effects of repetitive mild head injuries in sports.
• Persistent, long-term cerebral white matter changes after sports-related repetitive head impacts.
• The National Football League and chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Legal implications.
• Exposure to sub-concussive head injury in boxing and other sports.
• Neurodegenerative changes after mild traumatic brain injury.
• Linking traumatic brain injury to chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Potential mechanisms.
• Traumatic brain injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy: A forensic neuropsychiatric perspective.
• Chronic neuropathologies of single and repetitive traumatic brain injury: Precursors of dementia?
• Neurodegeneration following repetitive concussive and sub-concussive brain trauma.
• Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, suicides, and parasuicides in professional American athletes.
• The cumulative effect of repetitive concussion in sports.

The MediFocus Literature Guide on Repetitive Head Trauma and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy in Athletes is available in two formats:
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